Scientific Name: Citrus sinensis
Conditions favoring orange farming
-They will grow best at temperatures between 12.8 and 37.8°C during the growing season and 1.7 to 10°C during dormancy.
-Mature orange trees can survive short periods of freezing, whereas young trees will be killed.
-Trees should be protected from frosts and freezing conditions to prevent damage.
-The trees also tolerate drought conditions but perform poorly in water-logged soil.
-Trees will grow best when planted in a well-draining sandy loam with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5.
Conditions favoring orange farming
-They will grow best at temperatures between 12.8 and 37.8°C during the growing season and 1.7 to 10°C during dormancy.
-Mature orange trees can survive short periods of freezing, whereas young trees will be killed.
-Trees should be protected from frosts and freezing conditions to prevent damage.
-The trees also tolerate drought conditions but perform poorly in water-logged soil.
-Trees will grow best when planted in a well-draining sandy loam with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5.
-Soil must be deep enough to permit adequate root development.
-Orange trees require full sun and should be protected from wind which can cause damage to the trees.
Planting oranges
-Orange trees can be purchased as seedlings which have already been grafted and only require planting in the garden or orchard.
-The best time to plant citrus trees is in Spring after all danger of frost has passed in your area.
-Standard sized trees should be spaced 3.7–7.6 m (12–25 ft) apart in an area that receives full sunlight, but is protected from strong winds which can damage the trees.
-Planting against a south facing wall will help protect the tree in cooler climates.
-Orange trees can be purchased as seedlings which have already been grafted and only require planting in the garden or orchard.
-The best time to plant citrus trees is in Spring after all danger of frost has passed in your area.
-Standard sized trees should be spaced 3.7–7.6 m (12–25 ft) apart in an area that receives full sunlight, but is protected from strong winds which can damage the trees.
-Planting against a south facing wall will help protect the tree in cooler climates.
Care and maintenance of newly transplanted oranges
-Newly planted trees require proper irrigation to ensure they become established.
-During the first year, water should be applied at the base of the trunk so that the root ball is kept moist to allow the roots to establish in the soil.
-Newly planted trees should be provided with water every 3–7 days. The soil should be moist, but not wet.
-Trees planted in sandy soils will require water more frequently.
-Young trees will also require a light application of fertilizer every month in the first year.
-Newly planted trees require proper irrigation to ensure they become established.
-During the first year, water should be applied at the base of the trunk so that the root ball is kept moist to allow the roots to establish in the soil.
-Newly planted trees should be provided with water every 3–7 days. The soil should be moist, but not wet.
-Trees planted in sandy soils will require water more frequently.
-Young trees will also require a light application of fertilizer every month in the first year.
Orange pests and diseases
1.Melanose - Small brown sunken spots which become raised and surrounded by a yellow halo; lesions eventually turn corky in texture; severe infections can cause newly emerging leaves to be crinkled and distorted.
2.Anthracnose - Leaves dropping prematurely; leaves covered in dark fungal spores; red to green or black streaks on the mature fruits.
3.Brown rot - Water-soaked lesions on fruit close to maturation; leather tan to dark brown lesions on fruit; lesions with a pungent smell;leaves, twigs and flowers may be turning brown.
4.Phytophthora gummosis - Sap oozing from cracks in bark; bark cracking, drying and falling off; lesions girdling trunk; severely infected trees have pale green leaves with yellow veins.
5.Tristeza disease - Light green foliage; poor new growth; leaves may be dropping from tree; young trees blooming early; severely infected trees are stunted and bushy in appearance with chlorotic leaves and brittle twigs.
6.Citrus canker - Raised lesions on leaves, often at leaf margin or tip; lesions may also be present on twigs and fruits; young lesions are usually surrounded by yellow halo; depressed brown craters formed from collapse of lesions.
7.Stubborn disease - Stunted trees; leaves shorter and broader, cupped and upright; may be chlorotic or have a mottled appearance; stunted, malformed fruits and low yield.
8.Blast - Water-soaked or black lesions on leaf petioles;which rapidly expand along the leif midrib; cankers on twigs and branches; twigsmay be girdles and die; leaves turning black and dying; black lesions may be present on fruit.
9.Black root rot - Small brown-black lesions on roots which may coalesce and turn entire root black; root cortex may slough off to reveal the vascular tissue below; leaves of plant may be chlorotic.
10.Aphids - Leaves curling; leaves and twigs covered in sticky substance which may be growing sooty mold.
1.Melanose - Small brown sunken spots which become raised and surrounded by a yellow halo; lesions eventually turn corky in texture; severe infections can cause newly emerging leaves to be crinkled and distorted.
2.Anthracnose - Leaves dropping prematurely; leaves covered in dark fungal spores; red to green or black streaks on the mature fruits.
3.Brown rot - Water-soaked lesions on fruit close to maturation; leather tan to dark brown lesions on fruit; lesions with a pungent smell;leaves, twigs and flowers may be turning brown.
4.Phytophthora gummosis - Sap oozing from cracks in bark; bark cracking, drying and falling off; lesions girdling trunk; severely infected trees have pale green leaves with yellow veins.
5.Tristeza disease - Light green foliage; poor new growth; leaves may be dropping from tree; young trees blooming early; severely infected trees are stunted and bushy in appearance with chlorotic leaves and brittle twigs.
6.Citrus canker - Raised lesions on leaves, often at leaf margin or tip; lesions may also be present on twigs and fruits; young lesions are usually surrounded by yellow halo; depressed brown craters formed from collapse of lesions.
7.Stubborn disease - Stunted trees; leaves shorter and broader, cupped and upright; may be chlorotic or have a mottled appearance; stunted, malformed fruits and low yield.
8.Blast - Water-soaked or black lesions on leaf petioles;which rapidly expand along the leif midrib; cankers on twigs and branches; twigsmay be girdles and die; leaves turning black and dying; black lesions may be present on fruit.
9.Black root rot - Small brown-black lesions on roots which may coalesce and turn entire root black; root cortex may slough off to reveal the vascular tissue below; leaves of plant may be chlorotic.
10.Aphids - Leaves curling; leaves and twigs covered in sticky substance which may be growing sooty mold.
Uses of oranges - Oranges can be consumed as a fresh fruit and are commonly pressed or squeezed to produce orange juice.
Health benefits of oranges
1.prevent cancer - prevent skin, lungs, breast, stomach and colon cancer.
2.Prevents Kidney Diseases - Drinking orange juice regularly prevents kidney diseases and reduces the risk of kidney stones.
3.Lowers Cholesterol - Since they’re full of soluble fiber, oranges are helpful in lowering cholesterol.
4.Relieves Constipation - Oranges are full of dietary fiber which stimulates digestive juices and relieves constipation.
5.Protects Skin - Oranges are full of beta-carotene is a powerful antioxidant protecting the cells from being damage which also protects the skin from free radicals and prevents the signs of aging.
1.prevent cancer - prevent skin, lungs, breast, stomach and colon cancer.
2.Prevents Kidney Diseases - Drinking orange juice regularly prevents kidney diseases and reduces the risk of kidney stones.
3.Lowers Cholesterol - Since they’re full of soluble fiber, oranges are helpful in lowering cholesterol.
4.Relieves Constipation - Oranges are full of dietary fiber which stimulates digestive juices and relieves constipation.
5.Protects Skin - Oranges are full of beta-carotene is a powerful antioxidant protecting the cells from being damage which also protects the skin from free radicals and prevents the signs of aging.
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